Serial scrape smear cytology of radiation response in normal and malignant cells of oral cavity.

Serial scrape smears were taken from 111 patients receiving radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. The surface of the tumour and the normal mucosa on the opposite side was scraped before and after delivery of various fractions of radiotherapy and were evaluated by light microscopy. The number of cells exhibiting changes like multinucleation, micronucleation, nuclear budding, binucleation and cytoplasmic granulation were counted. The results were expressed as abnormality per 1000 cells. Each parameter showed a statistically significant increase with radiation dose in both normal and malignant oral cells. In the normal mucosal cells the mean values after 6Gy and 24Gy respectively were 0.83 and 2.91 (p<0.001) for cells with multinucleation, 1.83 and 4.42 (p<0.001) for micronucleation, 2.58 and 5.15 (p<0.001) for nuclear budding, 5.92 and 12.58 (p<0.001) for binucleation, and 3.67 and 7.17 (p<0.001) for cytoplasmic granulation. On the other hand, in malignant cells, the mean values before and after treatment with 24 Gy respectively, were 3.14 and 7.08 (p<0.001) for cells with multinucleation, 1.05 and 5.97 (p<0.001) for micronucleation, 2.54 and 8.82 (p<0.001) for nuclear budding 7.11 and 27.93 (p<0.001) for binucleation and 5.32 and 12.02 (p<0.001) for cytoplasmic granulation. The study showed that there is a dose-related increase in multinucleation, micronucleation, nuclear budding, binucleation and cytoplasmic granulation after various fractions of radiotherapy in both normal and malignant oral cells, however these changes are more marked in the malignant cells.

Miopatia nemalínica com corpos intracitoplasmáticos esferóides: relato de caso / Nemalinic myopathy with intracytoplasmic spheroid bodies: a case report

Os autores relatam o caso de paciente do sexo feminino de 18 anos de idade com fraqueza lentamente progressiva nos quatro membros desde a infância, sem antecedentes relevantes. O exame neurológico mostrou déficit motor discreto proximal e distal com retraçao muscular leve ao nível de ombros, cotovelos, articulaçoes coxo-femurais, joelhos e tornozelos; hipotrofia muscular nas pernas e pés: reflexos presentes e sensibilidade normal. Creatinofosfoquinase com aumento de uma vez e meia o valor normal. Eletroneuromiografia: diminuiçao de amplitude e duraçao dos potenciais de açao e traçado de interferência paradoxal, compatíveis com afecçao muscular primária. Biópsia muscular em congelaçao (HE, Gomori, PAS, ATPases, NADH, SDH, fosfatases ácida e alcalina, citocromo-c-oxidase e Oil-red-O) revelou afecçao muscular primária caracterizada pela presença de corpos nemalínicos e corpos intracitoplasmáticos esferóides. Os corpos nemalínicos podem ser encontrados com diferentes alteraçoes das fibras musculares, porém essa associaçao é rara. Este é o segundo relato da associaçao entre corpos nemalínicos e esferóides.

Mast Cell Changes in Skin Diseases

Mast cell changes, numbers and degranulations, of 264 cases of skin biopsy lesions were studied. An increase of mast cells was noted in congenital diseases; noninfectious erythematous, papullar, and squamous diseases; vascular diseases; bacterial diseases; fungal diseases; lipidoses; metabolic diseases; connective tissue diseases; tumors and cysts of the epidermis; tumors of epidermal appendages; tumors of fibrous tissue; tumors of vascular tissue; and benign tumors of melanocytes. The increase was noted mainly in the surrounding areas of the lesions rather than within the lesions. In only a few conditions; vascular diseases, connective tissue diseases, and tumors of vascular tissue, an increase of mast cells within the lesion was noted. With regard to the relation between mast cell changes and gross appearance of skin lesions, an increase of mast cells was observed in the surrounding areas of scally, vesicular, nodular or warty, and ulcerated lesions. Relationship between the degree of degranulation to the types of skin disease or gross appearance can not be clearly established. In all conditions, the increase of mast cells was intimately associated with formation of new fibrous connective tissue.